What the supplied questions test

Sources

• L6Lesson 6 Environmental pathology and nutritional disorders.pdf (47 pages)
• Ch. VI casesCASES CHAPTER VI.pdf (12 pages)
• Midterm sim.Cases for simulation of midterm examination on pathology.pdf (16 pages)Mixed midterm simulation, questions numbered as in the file.
• Ch. II casesCASES CHAPTER II.pdf (20 pages)
• L1L1 Cell injury.pdf — Cell injury. Cell adaptation. Cell death (59 pages)
• L4Lesson 4 Water, electrolyte, acid–base and hemodynamic disorders.pdf (50 pages)
• SyllabusSyllabus 1 (1).pdf — Pathology course syllabus (2 pages)Defines the midterm scope (Chapters 1–7).
• Ref.Standard references used to verify mechanismsRobbins & Kumar Basic Pathology; Abbas Cellular and Molecular Immunology; Guyton & Hall Medical Physiology; standard toxicology texts.

Course PDFs are not served by this site. Page numbers refer to the supplied files so you can verify claims. Images labelled “Lecture image” are cropped from those files; “Teaching schematic” marks original drawings.

Source notes: where the sources differ or are ambiguous

• Heat illness columns. Source: slide groups exertional heat-stroke features (CNS dysfunction, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, coagulopathy) with a core temperature < 40 °C under “heat exhaustion”. Taught here: Heat exhaustion is < 40 °C without major CNS dysfunction; heat stroke is > 40 °C with CNS dysfunction, classic (elderly, anhidrosis) or exertional (young, may still sweat). L6 p.20
• B12 methylmalonate arrow. Source: the B12 diagram draws methylmalonic acid → methylmalonyl-CoA. Taught here: Physiologically propionyl-CoA → methylmalonyl-CoA → succinyl-CoA (mutase needs B12); methylmalonic acid accumulates from methylmalonyl-CoA when the mutase lacks B12. L6 p.45
• Radiation syndrome thresholds. Source: dose bands overlap and place the cerebral syndrome at 10 Gy. Taught here: Thresholds are approximate and sources differ; the neurovascular (cerebral) syndrome generally needs tens of Gy. Higher doses add the lower-dose effects. L6 p.26
• Obesity genetics. Source: “genetic factors account for 5–10% of obesity; metabolic syndrome is one example.” Taught here: Monogenic obesity is rare, but heritability of body weight is substantial; metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors, not a genetic cause. L6 p.35
• Vitamin K toxicity in newborns. Source: lists neonatal hemolysis and kernicterus as vitamin K toxicity. Taught here: This applies to synthetic menadione (K₃); natural phylloquinone (K₁), given as prophylaxis, is safe. L6 p.41
• Simulation Q31 bicarbonate. Source: stem gives serum HCO₃⁻ 8 mEq/L; the correct answer option shows HCO₃⁻ 14. Taught here: Option D (pH 7.29, PaCO₂ 30, HCO₃⁻ 14) is still the only primary metabolic acidosis with appropriate respiratory compensation (Winter's formula predicts PaCO₂ ≈ 29 for HCO₃⁻ 14). The reused option table causes the mismatch. Midterm sim. p.12–13